Message from the Director of undergraduate curriculum
The department provides basics of otolaryngology-head and neck specialty through the integrated curriculum coordinated by the college of medicine. It aims to provide medical students with basic knowledge and clinical skills of ORL-HNS a general practitioner needs to know and master.
This is conducted though different courses and thesis decided by college of medicine to medical students at different levels starting from second year till sixth year and internship.
Medical education curriculum
Second and third year:
The department provides 2 tutorials as part of the courses (MED201/ MED 301) with coordination of college of medicine curriculum section. These courses are intended to provide students with basic skills in history and physical examination of various body systems.
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Fourth year:
As part of (practice of clinical medicine- part I) course, the department conduct lectures about the basics of otolaryngology-head and neck diseases and condition. It also conducts clinical rotation in the hospital for two weeks.
Course Objectives:
- Provide medical students with basics of ORL-HNS history taking and physical examination.
- Appreciate normal ORL-HNS examination.
- Appreciate abnormal symptoms and signs of common ORL-HNS diseases and condition
- Formulate ideas about different treatment modality of common ENT disease
Course Content:
- Two lectures, per academic year, about common ORL-HNS disease and related emergencies.
- 2-weeks clinical rotations throughout the academic year where the students attend the outpatient clinics in a subgroup of 3-4 students. The clinics includes ORL-HNS clinics, audiology, speech and swallowing clinics.
- Attendance of morning meetings and ground rounds
Methods of Assessment and Evaluation:
- Through assessment sheet during clinical rotational and final written examination conducted and coordinated with examination committee in the college of Medicine.
Fifth year
The department conducts two lectures per academic semester about ORL-HNS diseases in pediatrics. These lectures are given as part of fifth year pediatric course coordinated by the department of Pediatrics.
Sixth year
The department conduct selective ORL-HNS course for 6th year medical students who are interested in the specialty. The students are divided in small groups and the rotation is conducted throughout the year on 2-week basis. The course aims to enhance basic ORL-HNS knowledge and skills obtained in the preceding years, introduce the students to different ORL-HNS subspecialties, and prepare them for internship. The rotation involves attending different subspecialized outpatient clinics, operating rooms and follow up of inpatient under direct supervision of residents.
Elective Summer Training
Summer training courses are organized in coordination with hospital clinical affairs and will be announced here once decided.
Helpful Resources (I think it needs modification)
http://www.ghorayeb.com/pictures.html
ENT Exam Video Series
(how to perform examination) https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgoo.gl...
Primary Care Otolaryngology by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgoo.gl...
High-yield topics in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery
Otology
- Anatomy and physiology
- Acute and chronic otitis media
- Hearing loss in pediatrics
- Hearing loss in adult
- Sudden hearing loss
- Cholesteatoma
- Tinnitus
- Dizziness and vertigo
- Facial nerve palsy
- Cerebellopontine angle lesions
Rhinology
- Anatomy and physiology
- Nasal obstruction
- Rhinitis (allergic and non-allergic)
- acute and chronic Rhinosinusitis.
- Nasal polyps.
- Nasal septal deviation
- Nasal masses
- Epistaxis
- Foreign body in nose
- Nasal septum hematoma
Laryngology
- Anatomy and physiology
- Vocal cord nodules
- Vocal cord cysts and polyps
- Vocal cord paralysis
- Subglottic stenosis
- Pharyngeal pouch
- Dysphagia
- Airway obstruction
D. Head and neck surgery
- Head and neck anatomy
- Neck masses
- Brachial cysts
- Head and neck trauma
- Penetrating neck injury
- Deep neck space infections
- Salivary gland diseases
- Thyroid masses
- Head and neck carcinomas
General ENT
- Tonsillitis
- Acute epiglottitis
- Croup
- Laryngopharyngeal reflux
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Tracheostomy
Pediatric ENT:
- Cleft lip and palate
- Laryngomalacia
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Subglottic stenosis
- Choanal atresia
- Airway obstruction
- Congenital neck masses
Is ORL-HNS my future specialty choice?
As the name suggests, Oto-rhino-laryngology-Head and Neck surgery (ORL-HNS ) is a specialty that deals with variety of organs and systems of the body. Hearing, balance, smell, taste, swallowing, and phonation are basic senses and functions of human beings involved in the specialty. It combines both medical and surgical aspects of practice of medicine. Allergy, dizziness, dysphagia, and sleep disturbance are common medical problems otorhinolaryngologist would face in the daily practice, at one end. At the other, repair of a perforated tympanic membrane, excision of neck lumb or tongue lesion, restoration of a narrowed air passage, and opening blocked sinuses are common surgical procedure faced by the same otorhinolaryngologist in the operating room. Compact and complex anatomy of head and neck region, minute anatomy of the ear, close proximity of paranasal sinuses to orbits and brain makes ORL-HNS a challenging yet interesting specialty.
The practice of ORL-HNS has evolved and advanced over the last decades. For instance, surgeries involving the nose and paranasal sinuses were performed with naked eyes in early time before introduction of the microscope in nasal surgeries in the 80s. Nowadays, the same procedures are done with endoscopes and navigation systems with better exposure and less complications. Not only that, some surgeries involving the brain that requires big incision and prolonged hospitalization are done today through the nose with no external incisions and require shorter period of hospitalization. Cochlear implant, advancement in laryngeal procedures and airway reconstruction, and use of dedicated advanced surgical tools are all examples of ongoing advancement and development of the specialty. With that, the specialty became a union of different subspecialties. Otology/neurotology, rhinology and anterior skull base surgery, laryngology and phoniatrics, head and neck surgery, pediatric otolaryngology, allergy and immunology and sleep surgery are all ORL-HNS sub-specialties.
Social life of an otorhinolaryngologist is different than that of other medical specialties and also varies among otorhinolaryngologists themselves. This is affected by number of factors. It is not as stressful and demanding as neurosurgery, orthopedics or general surgery. Yet, it is not as pleasant or less stressful as radiology or dermatology. Being head and neck surgeon dealing with cancer patients and cancer related health issues and emergencies would be different from an immunologists dealing, medically, with allergy patients on out-patient clinic basis. Working in a busy facility where airway emergencies are so frequent, making on-call shifts busy and stressful, is different from working in a poly-clinic where on-calls are not part of the routine work schedules. In between those extremes falls the social life of other otorhinolaryngologists.
As opposed to internal medicine and pediatrics, where the first deals with adults patients only and the second deals with children only, ORL-HNS deals with patients of all age groups and also patients of different and variable disease condition and severity.
After getting a medical degree, if you chose ORL-HNS as your future career, you have to go through a 5-year residency program to qualify as a general otorhinolaryngologist. And If you find yourself into one of the interesting sub-specialties, you will be required to go through a 1-2 years fellowship program and be subspecialized in that field.
Dr.Nasser/ Dr.Reda
